Country case studies

Best and worst practices to examine:

• Personal copying in exchange for a levy
  • Netherlands personal copying exception allows file sharing
  • Japan has hardware copying levies
  • Canada has media levies, but doesn't legalise personal copying
  • Finland with its photocopier levy
• In the Philippines they must mention the name of the generic alternative when promoting drugs.
• Unavailable books
  • In Slovenia, if out of print for two years, books may be copied.
  • Thailand also has an exception for unavailable books - contact Pichai Phuechmongkol about this
• India with its compulsory licence of sports signals for the national broadcaster
• China with its IP abuse laws - investigate the possibility for abuse for other reasons than antitrust (George Yijun Tian to be contacted)
• Holland and Denmark are trialling allowing collecting society members to dual licence their work under CC (unlike APRA/AMCOS)
• Brazil has introduced Semi-Metalic Disc (SMD) technology to compete with pirate discs
• In Egypt must pay a licence fee to use public domain material! Similarly Italy has a provision that its cultural works never pass into the public domain.
• UK protects faithful reproductions of 2D images.
• Germany and Australia have collecting agencies that collect for free content (such as Wikipedia)  (Wikipedia would prefer reducing the levy based on the proportion of free content used: contact Mathias Schindler.)
• Longest copyright term in the world is in Mexico.
• Canadian collecting societies prohibiting broadcasters from using CC-licensed music