A global consumer network on Access to Knowledge and communications issues
Home › Consumers International IP Watchlist Report 2010 › Appendix A: Country reports

Morocco

Thu, 18/03/2010 - 08:07 — Jeremy Malcolm

Legal background

Scope and duration of copyright

Is the period of protection of each type of copyright work limited to the minimum duration mandated by the Berne Convention? YES
La durée était de 50 ans après la mort du créateur dans la loi 2-00 puis étendue à 70 ans dans celle 34-05.		 Lois 2-00 et 34-05
Must a work be fixed in some material form before copyright attaches? NO
Il suffit que l’oeuvre soit créée.
Is the exercise of copyright subject to competition law, for example by compulsory licensing or regulation of royalties in the case of copyright holders who misuse their monopoly power? NO
Il n’y a pas de disposition dans la loi sur la concurrence qui traite de cet aspect.		 Loi 06-99
Is the exercise of copyright subject to compliance with a bill of rights or similar human rights instrument, for example by preventing copyright from being used to stifle protected speech? NO
Does the compilation of a database of non-original material fall outside the scope of copyright? YES
La compilation de base de données n’est pas considérée comme une création et donc non protégeable.
Do exceptions and limitations in national copyright law prevail over contracts purporting to limit or override them? YES
Chap IV des loi 2-00 et 34-05

Freedoms to access and use

By Home UsersIs there a general exception for the fair use of copyright material for any purpose that satisfies a set of balancing criteria? NO
Les lois ne prévoient comme exception que la reproduction pour des usages privés d’une œuvre mais encore avec des restrictions.		 Art 12 des lois 2-00 et 34-05
Is time, space and format shifting allowed (such as ripping music from CD to an MP3 player)? NO
Can consumers reproduce copyright material for their own use in the original format, for example for backup purposes? YES
Art 12 des lois 2-00 et 34-05
Can works be communicated to a limited public (for example, family and friends) without infringing copyright? NO
L’utilisation personnelle est permise mais la communication à autrui est interdite.		 Art 12 des lois 2-00 et 34-05
Does a collective licensing scheme permit the copying or sharing of copyright material by consumers in exchange for a media or equipment levy? NO
For EducationIs reproduction permitted for the purposes of research or study? YES
Art 15 des lois 2-00 et 34-05
Does any such research and study provision cover distance and online education? YES
L’accès à ces resources doit etre limité et non ouvert au public.
May translations of works be made for educational purposes? YES
May works be reproduced and published by educational institutions in connection with systematic instructional activities? NO
La publication sans licence est interdite de toute oeuvre protégée.
OnlineIs hyperlinking to a Web site allowed without permission of the site's owner? YES
Are temporary or transient copies, incidental to a lawful use, excepted from copyright? YES
Les lois l’autorise en spécifiant les conditions.		 Art 13 des loi 2-00 et 34-05
Are ISPs protected from liability for infringements by third parties, because the law either does not impose liability upon intermediaries or limits their liability in certain circumstances? YES
Do ISPs provide Internet access without conducting filtering or monitoring for potential copyright-infringing material? NO
Are the names and personal information of customers who are alleged to have engaged in copyright-infringing behaviour protected from disclosure by their ISPs? YES
Il n’ existe pas de texte qui les autorisent à divulguer ces informations.
By content creatorsCan copyright works be non-commercially remixed or mashed up into new works? YES
A condition que l’auteur soit cité (droit moral).		 Art 13 à 17 des lois 2-00 et 34-05
May computer software be reverse engineered for the purpose of creating interoperable software? NO
Is the incidental inclusion of a work in other material permitted? NO
Is there are copyright exception for parody or satire? YES
A condition que l’auteur soit cité (droit moral).
Do creators who license their work retain the moral right of attribution? YES
A condition que l’auteur soit cité (droit moral).
By the pressIs there a copyright exception for the news of the day? YES
A condition que l’auteur et éventuellement la source soient cités (droit moral).		 Art 19 des lois 2-00 et 34-05
May copyright material be reproduced for the purposes of review and criticism? YES
May political speeches, speeches in judicial proceedings and/or other public speeches be used for any purpose? YES
May quotations be used for any purpose? YES
By LibrariesMay libraries copy works that cannot reasonably be obtained commercially? YES
Art 16 des lois 2-00 et 34-05
May libraries copy works for users for the purpose of research or study? LIMITED
Le copiage de l’oeuvre ne doit pas être intégral.
Are libraries allowed to make preservation or archive copies of materials in their collections? YES
In making permitted copies, are libraries entitled to circumvent technological protection mechanisms (TPMs)? YES
Il n’existe pas de texte qui leur interdit cela.
By disabled usersIs it permissible to copy or adapt work for the use of those with disabilities? NO
Il n’existe pas de texte qui autorise cela.
In public affairsAre laws excluded from copyright? YES
Art 8 des lois 2-00 et 34-05
Are other governmental works excluded from copyright? YES
Is there a copyright exception for use of material in judicial proceedings? NO
Are the results of publicly funded research required to be published under an open access license? NO
Même ces résultants sont protégés.

Freedoms to share and transfer

May copyright works be freely offered for commercial rental? NO
Art 40 lois 2-00 et 34-05
Does the law permit a work to be released to the public domain before the copyright term expires, without any formality other than an overt act of relinquishment? NO
Are orphaned works treated differently in the law to other copyright works, for example by allowing them to be compulsorily licenced, limiting remedies, or by releasing them into the public domain? NO
Art 11 lois 2-00 et 34-05
Is parallel importation permitted? NO
Are there incentives for the use, production and dissemination of free and open source software within copyright law or elsewhere in national law/policy? NO
Are there incentives for the use, production and dissemination of open access material (e.g. textbooks) within copyright law or elsewhere in national law / policy? NO
Are there specifications or incentives in national law/policy for the use of open document formats? NO

Administration and enforcement

What is the maximum penalty for copyright infringement for an individual? 80.000 US Dollars environ Art 64 loi 34-05
What is the maximum penalty for copyright infringement for a corporation? Il n’ y a pas de distinction entre un individu et une institution Art 64 loi 34-05
Do the penalties for copyright infringement distinguish between personal versus (large-scale) commercial use, other than at the discretion of a judge? YES
La loi précise que l’amende est d’environ 160.000 US Dollars pour un professionnel (utilisation commerciale).		 Art 64 loi 34-05
Is the creation or distribution of devices that can circumvent technological protection measures (TPM) permitted, where such devices can be used for purposes that would not infringe copyright? NO
Art 65 loi 34-05
Is the use of such devices by consumers permitted for any purpose that would not infringe copyright? NO
Art 65 loi 34-05
Does national copyright or consumer protection law require disclosure to consumers of the existence of TPMs and any potential limitations on the use of TPM-protected material? NO
Are the operations of copyright collectives subject to public oversight? YES
La loi précise la protection pour les expressions du folklore.		 Art 7 loi 34-05
Are ISPs independent of copyright owners, to the extent that no law or industry code of conduct requires them to notify their users who are alleged to have committed a copyright infringement online? YES
Are criminal sanctions limited to cases of large-scale commercial counterfeiting? NO
La loi prévoit l’emprisonnement jusqu’à 4 ans (en cas de récidive en l’espace de 5 ans) même si l’échelle de la contrefaçon reste commercialement limitée.		 Art 62.2 loi 34-05
Are damages for copyright infringement based on the loss sustained, rather than by a pre-established or statutory damages award? LIMITED
En cas de difficulté à évaluer les pertes; il est procédé à une indemnité forfaitaire évaluée par le juge dans le cadre de la procédure de droit civil (code des obligations et des contrats).		 Art 62.b loi 34-05
Is there provision to penalise the wrongful allegation of copyright infringement? YES
Ceci se fait dans le cadre de la procédure de droit civil (code des obligations et des contrats).

Conclusions

Le système juridique marocain en matière de protection des droits d’auteur est très restrictif permettant peu d’exceptions en faveur des consommateurs. Il n’existe pas non plus de mesures incitatives pour rendre accessible aux consommateurs les matériaux protégés par les droits d’auteurs.

Toutefois les dispositions prévues ne sont pas très effectives et peu de cas de poursuites pour infractions sont engagés envers les contrevenants. Les conditions socioéconomiques de la majorité des marocains ne leur permettent pas d’accéder légalement aux matériaux protégés.

Les autorités se limitent à des actions sporadiques médiatisées. Il n’y a pas de programme et de plan d’action mis en œuvre pour combattre les atteintes aux droits d’auteurs.

Peu de cas sont par conséquent enregistrés au niveau des tribunaux et on ne peut parler de jurisprudence en la matière.

 

Creative Commons license icon
This work is licensed under a Attribution Share Alike Creative Commons license